Hawkeye (Clint Barton)



For the Young Avengers character, see Hawkeye (Kate Bishop). For the Dark Avengers "Hawkeye", see Bullseye (comics). Hawkeye (also known as Goliath and Ronin, and as his alter ego Clint Barton) is a fictional character and comic booksuperhero who appears in publications by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Don Heck, the character first appeared as a villain in Tales of Suspense #57 (Sept. 1964) and later joined the Avengers in Avengers #16 (May 1965). He has been a prominent member of the team ever since. He was also ranked at #44 on IGN's Top 100 Comic Book Heroes list.

Hawkeye is portrayed by Jeremy Renner in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, a shared fictional universe that is the setting of films produced by Marvel Studios. Renner first made a brief, uncredited cameo appearance as Hawkeye in Thor (2011) and later reprised the role in The Avengers (2012). {| class="toc" id="toc" style="font-size:12px;border-top-color:rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color:rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color:rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color:rgb(170,170,170);color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19px;"

Contents
[hide] *1 Publication history
 * 2 Fictional character biography
 * 2.1 Avengers
 * 2.2 Marriage to Mockingbird
 * 2.3 Thunderbolts
 * 2.4 Death and House of M
 * 2.5 Return and New Avengers
 * 2.6 Dark Reign and Siege
 * 2.7 Heroic Age
 * 2.8 Shattered Heroes
 * 3 Powers and abilities
 * 4 Collected editions
 * 5 Other versions
 * 6 In other media
 * 6.1 Television
 * 6.2 Film
 * 6.3 Video games
 * 6.4 Toys
 * 7 Reception
 * 8 Deaf culture
 * 9 References
 * 10 External links
 * }

[edit] Publication history
Hawkeye's first appearance on the cover of Tales of Suspense #57 (September 1964). Art by Don Heck.Hawkeye was introduced as a reluctant villain in Tales of Suspense #57 (September 1964). After two more appearances as a villain in Tales of Suspense #60 and #64 (December 1964 and April 1965), Hawkeye joined the ranks of the Avengers in Avengers Vol.1 #16 (May 1965). He became a perennial member of the team and has made numerous appearances in all four volumes (Vol. 1 (1963–1996), Vol. 2 (1997), Vol. 3 (1999–2004), Vol. 4 (2010–present) including specials and annuals), as well as in The Ultimates. Hawkeye was also part of the Avengers in Secret Wars#1–12 (1984–1985).

Hawkeye featured prominently in the limited series West Coast Avengers #1–4 (September 1984–December 1984), before appearing in the ongoing title, which ran for 102 issues (including eight annuals) from October 1985–January 1994. The title was renamed Avengers West Coastfrom #46 (Aug. 1989). Hawkeye also starred concurrently in almost every issue of Solo Avengerswhich ran for 40 issues from December 1987–January 1991 (the title was renamed Avengers Spotlight from #21, the August 1989 issue).

From 1998 to 2002, Hawkeye featured significantly in issues #20–75 and Annual #2000 of the title Thunderbolts, written by Kurt Busiek and Fabian Nicieza.

Hawkeye featured in the Marvel crossover event House of M (2005). He later appeared (as Ronin) in the New Avengers series from issues #26–64 (2007–2010) plus New Avengers Annual #2 (2008) and Annual #3 (2010). Continuing as Ronin, the character played an important part in the crossover event Secret Invasion #1–8 (2008). The company wide crossover event Dark Reign saw Hawkeye feature prominently inNew Avengers: The Reunion #1–4 (2009) and Dark Reign: The List - New Avengers #1 (2009). He later went on to feature in theSiege #1–4 (2010) crossover event.

Hawkeye has appeared in numerous solo adventures over the years. He appeared in Hawkeye Vol. 1 #1–4 (1983), written by Mark Gruenwald (which was the character's first encounter with Mockingbird and the villain Crossfire). Hawkeye then appeared inHawkeye Vol.2 #1–4 (1994) and Hawkeye: Earth's Mightiest Marksman #1 (1998). In 2003, Hawkeye had a short lived on-going series, Hawkeye Vol. 3, #1–8, which was soon cancelled. Writer Jim McCann and artist David Lopez had another unsuccessful attempt at an on-going series with Hawkeye & Mockingbird #1–6 (2010). The series did however spin into two limited series, beginning with Widowmaker #1–4 (2010–2011) and then Hawkeye: Blindspot #1–4 (2011).

Over the years, Hawkeye has made guest appearances in numerous Marvel titles, the most notable being Daredevil Vol.1 #99 (1973), Incredible Hulk Vol.1 #166 (1973), Marvel Team-Up #22 (1974), Ghost Rider #27 (1977), Marvel Team-Up #92 (1980),Marvel Fanfare #3 (1982), Captain America #317 (1986), Contest of Champions II #3-5 (1999), Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America #3 (2008), War Machine Vol.2 #8-10 (2009), Young Avengers Presents #6 (2008) and Captain America: Reborn #3-6 (2009–2010).

[edit] Fictional character biography
Clint Barton was born in Waverly, Iowa. At a young age he lost both of his parents in a car accident. After six years in an orphanage, Clint and his brother Barney ran away to join the Carson Carnival of Travelling Wonders.[2] Clint soon caught the eye of the Swordsman, who took the young boy on as his assistant. Along with the help of Trick Shot, the Swordsman trained Clint to become a master archer.[3] Clint later found the Swordsman embezzling money from the carnival. Before he could turn his mentor over to the authorities, Clint was beaten and left for dead, allowing the Swordsman to skip town.[4] Clint's relationship with his brother Barney and Trick Shot soon deteriorated as well.[5]

Clint adapted his archery skills to become a star carnival attraction, a master archer called "Hawkeye", otherwise known as “The World’s Greatest Marksman”. He spent some time as a member of Tiboldt's Circus,[6] before joining the Coney Island Circus. He witnesses Iron Man in action and is inspired to become a costumed hero. However, after a misunderstanding on his first outing, Hawkeye is accused of theft and believed to be a criminal. On the run, the naive Hawkeye meets the Black Widow, a spy for theSoviet Union, with whom he falls in love. Blindly following the Black Widow, Hawkeye aids her attempts to steal technology developed by Tony Stark. In one of their battles with Iron Man, the Black Widow is seriously injured. Hawkeye rescues her and flees the battle to save her life. But before Hawkeye can take her to a hospital, the Black Widow disappears. Hawkeye decides to be a "straight-shooter" from then on.[7]

[edit] Avengers
<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye later rescues Edwin Jarvis and his mother from a mugger. In gratitude, Jarvis invites Hawkeye to Avengers Mansion and stages a confrontation to allow the archer to clear his name and gain the trust of the Avengers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" style="line-height:1em;">[8] Hawkeye is then sponsored by his former enemy Iron Man, who sees that he is serious about becoming a hero. Led by Captain America, Hawkeye joins the team along with Quicksilver and the Scarlet Witch to form the second incarnation of the Avengers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" style="line-height:1em;">[9] Almost straight away, Hawkeye clashes with his fellow Avengers. His romantic intentions towards the Scarlet Witch are met with hostility from her brother, Quicksilver. Hawkeye rebels against Captain America’s leadership (due to his past problems with authority figures), but over time comes to respect him as a mentor and a friend.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" style="line-height:1em;">[10] When the Swordsman attempted to join the Avengers, Hawkeye warned them of his previous history with the villain.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10" style="line-height:1em;">[11]

Clint Barton sheds his Hawkeye identity and becomes the secondGoliath on the cover of Avengers#63 (Apr. 1969). Art by Gene Colan.<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye enjoys many adventures with the Avengers and proves himself a hero on numerous occasions. However, when his bow breaks during a crucial moment in a battle, Clint decides to adopt a new costume and identity by succeeding Hank Pym as the new Goliath.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-11" style="line-height:1em;">[12] Hawkeye (as Goliath) was later approached by his brother Barney, who had become a big-time racketeer. Barney had learned of Egghead's plans to construct an orbiting laser death-ray to extort money from the United States and came to the Avengers for help. The Avengers confronted Egghead and his allies, the Mad Thinker and the Puppet Master. Tragically, Barney died in the ensuing battle.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-12" style="line-height:1em;">[13] (It was later revealed that Barney Barton was actually an undercover FBI agent.)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-13" style="line-height:1em;">[14] Soon after this encounter, Egghead hires the Swordsman to capture Goliath (thinking him to be Hank Pym instead of Clint). Clint defeats and captures both criminals, finding justice for his brother at last. At the conclusion of theKree-Skrull War Clint resumes the identity of Hawkeye with a new costume. After several adventures, Hawkeye quits the Avengers after a bitter rift with the Vision over the affections of the Scarlet Witch. Hawkeye returns to his original costume and strikes out on his own.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-14" style="line-height:1em;">[15]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">For a time, Hawkeye drifts from one adventure to the next. He attempts to return to the Black Widow and briefly battles her current love,Daredevil.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-15" style="line-height:1em;">[16] Hawkeye later assists the Hulk against the monster Zzzax.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16" style="line-height:1em;">[17] He then follows the Hulk back to the mansion of Doctor Strange, where after a skirmish, Hawkeye joins the "non-team" the Defenders for a short period.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17" style="line-height:1em;">[18] He returns briefly to the Avengers to attend the wedding of the Vision and the Scarlet Witch.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-18" style="line-height:1em;">[19] Together with the Two-Gun Kid and Ghost Rider, Hawkeye defeats the monster the Manticore.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-19" style="line-height:1em;">[20]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye returns to the Avengers when the current members of the team begin to mysteriously disappear.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-20" style="line-height:1em;">[21] The remaining Avengers discover it to be the work of the Collector of the Elders of the Universe. After his teammates were all defeated, Hawkeye single-handedly defeats the Collector,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-21" style="line-height:1em;">[22] and joins the team for the final battle against Korvac.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-22" style="line-height:1em;">[23] Afterwards, Hawkeye's victory is dashed when the Avengers new government liaison Henry Peter Gyrich, limits the roster and replaces him with the Falcon, in an attempt to make the team more "politically acceptable". After initially failing to find work in his civilian identity, Hawkeye gains employment with Cross Technological Enterprises as the Head of Security. He defends the company against the Shi'ar villain Deathbird,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-23" style="line-height:1em;">[24] Mister Fear.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-24" style="line-height:1em;">[25] and sabotages a plot by C.T.E. employee Ambrose Connors.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-25" style="line-height:1em;">[26] Hawkeye then returns to Avengers mansion several months later for a brief visit "induced" by the heroine Moondragon<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-26" style="line-height:1em;">[27] before rejoining for a sustained period.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-27" style="line-height:1em;">[28] Hawkeye returns to Carson Carnival of Travelling Wonders to aid Marcella Carson, the owner’s daughter, against the Taskmaster. He defeats the villain with the help of Ant-Man.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-28" style="line-height:1em;">[29] Later, Hawkeye inadvertently avenges the death of his brother. The villain Egghead, having been exposed for framing Henry Pym, attempts to shoot Pym but Hawkeye jams the barrel of the weapon with an arrow. The weapon is an energy pistol and explodes, killing Egghead instantly.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-29" style="line-height:1em;">[30]

[edit] Marriage to Mockingbird
<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Returning to work for Cross Technological Enterprises as Head of Security, Hawkeye meets the former S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Barbara "Bobbi" Morse, also known as the heroMockingbird. Together, they discover that Crossfire, cousin of the company’s original owner, was hatching a plot to destroy the superhero community. Hawkeye and Mockingbird manage to defeat him (although Hawkeye is made deaf when he uses a sonic arrow to escape) and the two heroes get married shortly afterwards.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-30" style="line-height:1em;">[31] At the direction of then-Avengers chair the Vision, Hawkeye (now using a hearing aid) and Mockingbird travel to Los Angeles to establish a west coast branch of the Avengers, known as the West Coast Avengers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-31" style="line-height:1em;">[32] While searching for a base of operations, Hawkeye and Mockingbird battle a vengeful Crossfire, who had recently broken out of prison. They manage to defeat the supervillain, aided by former actress Moira Brandon, who later allows her mansion to become the new Avengers Compound.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-32" style="line-height:1em;">[33] On one of the West Coast Avengers adventures, when the team was lost in time, Mockingbird was kidnapped by an Old Western hero called Lincoln Slade, the Phantom Rider. The Phantom Rider drugs Mockingbird, convinces her that they are in love, and forces her to engage in a sexual relationship. Mockingbird soon regains her senses. In the resulting battle between the two, Mockingbird allows the Phantom Rider to fall to his death.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-33" style="line-height:1em;">[34] Afterwards, when Mockingbird confesses what she did, Hawkeye is stunned that his wife would allow a man to die instead of facing justice. Their relationship becomes frayed as Mockingbird leaves the West Coast Avengers and separates from Hawkeye.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-34" style="line-height:1em;">[35]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye is challenged to a duel to the death by his former mentor Trick Shot. Hawkeye reluctantly accepts the challenge and wins. Trick Shot reveals that he is dying with cancer and wants to die honourably in battle. Hawkeye, instead of granting his former mentor’s wish, promises to fund his medical care.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-35" style="line-height:1em;">[36] Later, when Crossfire places a bounty on Hawkeye’s right arm, Trick Shot (whose cancer had gone into remission) returns to aid his former pupil. Along with Mockingbird, the two archers defeat an army of supervillains looking to lay claim to the bounty.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-36" style="line-height:1em;">[37] After this altercation with Crossfire, Hawkeye tells Mockingbird that he was wrong to blame her for what happened with the Phantom Rider. The pair soon reconcile.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-37" style="line-height:1em;">[38] After being shot while confronting criminals, Hawkeye adopts an armoured version of his costume to battle the gangs of Los Angeles.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-38" style="line-height:1em;">[39]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">The West Coast Avengers are then caught in the middle of a supernatural battle between Mephisto and Satannish. The team are able to defeat the two demons and force them back to their own realms. However, Mephisto retaliates by firing energy blasts at the escaping West Coast Avengers. Mockingbird sacrifices herself to save Hawkeye and dies in her husbands arms.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-39" style="line-height:1em;">[40] Embittered by Mockingbird's death, Hawkeye leaves the team, which is disbanded almost immediately afterwards.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-40" style="line-height:1em;">[41] Hawkeye isolates himself in the Canadian Rockies to separate himself from the world. He is soon forced to battle on the Secret Empire. He manages to defeat Viper, the leader of the Secret Empire, and her hired supervillains, Javelynn and his old mentor Trick Shot.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-41" style="line-height:1em;">[42]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye returns to the Avengers<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-42" style="line-height:1em;">[43] just prior to the battle with the entity Onslaught, in which the Avengers (including Hawkeye) are apparently killed.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-43" style="line-height:1em;">[44] Franklin Richards, however, transported them all to a pocket universe where the heroes led altered lives.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-44" style="line-height:1em;">[45] The heroes eventually learned the truth and they were returned to their own universe. Hawkeye's hearing was fully restored because, when Franklin Richards recreated the heroes in the new universe, he based them on how he remembered them.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-45" style="line-height:1em;">[46]

[edit] Thunderbolts
<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye remains with the Avengers for numerous adventures. He aids Avenger trainees Justice and Firestar to defeat the Taskmaster and Albino.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-46" style="line-height:1em;">[47] Hawkeye later resigns the Avengers to assume leadership of the first generation of the Thunderbolts, who had broken away from the influence of Baron Helmut Zemo.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-47" style="line-height:1em;">[48] Hawkeye trains the team in the fashion of former teammate Captain America, and shapes the team into a cohesive fighting unit. The Thunderbolts take on threats like the Masters of Evil,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-48" style="line-height:1em;">[49] Graviton,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-49" style="line-height:1em;">[50] and theScourge of the Underworld.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-50" style="line-height:1em;">[51] Hawkeye begins a romantic relationship with fellow Thunderbolts member Moonstone, who Hawkeye is proving to be a good influence on.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-51" style="line-height:1em;">[52] Later, Hawkeye and the Thunderbolts travel to Hell to save the soul of Mockingbird. They defeat the demonic Mephisto, but Hawkeye is unable to find his wife.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-52" style="line-height:1em;">[53] To ensure that his Thunderbolts are given full pardons, Hawkeye allows himself to be arrested in their place. The Thunderbolts' past crimes are erased on the condition that they retire from costumed heroics. The team reluctantly agrees.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-53" style="line-height:1em;">[54] Later, when Hawkeye had gotten out of prison, the team comes back together to defeat Graviton once again. Convinced that they are ready to be heroes in their own right, Hawkeye hands leadership of the Thunderbolts to Citizen V (whose mind was actually under the control of Baron Helmut Zemo) and leaves the team.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-54" style="line-height:1em;">[55]

[edit] Death and House of M
<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye joins the Avengers once more, and begins a brief romantic relationship with team member the Wasp.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-55" style="line-height:1em;">[56] He also embarks on some solo adventures where he uncovers a plot to steal an ancient artifact in Laos,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-56" style="line-height:1em;">[57] and investigates the murder of a former Soviet colonel.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-57" style="line-height:1em;">[58] The Scarlet Witch, driven mad by her powers, causes a Kree warship to appear over the skies of New York. The Avengers, surprised by the appearance of the spacecraft, spring into battle. During the battle, Hawkeye's quiver of arrows is set on fire. Knowing that the explosive arrows were going to blow faster than he could remove them, Hawkeye flies into the engines of the Kree warship, destroying the spacecraft and sacrificing himself to save his teammates.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-58" style="line-height:1em;">[59] A past version of Hawkeye is also plucked from time by the Time Variance Authority to serve as a juror in a case involving former Avengers teammate She-Hulk. She-Hulk tries unsuccessfully to warn Hawkeye as to his future.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-59" style="line-height:1em;">[60]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">When the Scarlet Witch inadvertently alters reality, Hawkeye is resurrected with no memory of previous events.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-60" style="line-height:1em;">[61] When a young mutant named Layla Miller gives several heroes (including Hawkeye) the ability to remember, he is horrified at the Scarlet Witch's actions. Hawkeye shoots Wanda in the back with an arrow. In retaliation, one of her recreated children wipes Hawkeye from existence, killing him once more. When the Scarlet Witch's reality is eventually undone, Hawkeye is still presumed dead. However, the recently formed New Avengers find his bow and arrows on the site of the old Avengers Mansion, pinning up an article about his death.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-61" style="line-height:1em;">[62]

[edit] Return and New Avengers
<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Unknown to the New Avengers, Hawkeye is resurrected once reality was restored. He seeks out Doctor Strange, who offers Hawkeye shelter while he comes to terms with his new life. On the advice of Dr. Strange, Hawkeye eventually travels to Wundagore Mountain and finds the Scarlet Witch living a normal life with no memory of her past and apparently without mutant abilities. The two become intimate and Hawkeye then leaves Wanda to her normal life.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-62" style="line-height:1em;">[63] Returning to the United States, Hawkeye learns about the assassination of Captain America. He confronts Tony Stark, who then offers Hawkeye the Captain America shield and costume to continue the legacy. Hawkeye is later inspired by the words ofKate Bishop, whom he met while hiding his identity, and rejects Stark's offer.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-63" style="line-height:1em;">[64]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye returns to see Dr. Strange and meets the New Avengers. The team invites Hawkeye to join the team. Hawkeye accepts, and accompanies the team on a mission to Japan to rescue Echo. However, leaving behind his Hawkeye identity, Clint Barton takes on the disguise of Ronin.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-64" style="line-height:1em;">[65] Echo, the original Ronin, later gives Barton her blessing to adopt her old identity.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-65" style="line-height:1em;">[66] Clint later meets Kate Bishop again, but this time reveals his true identity, much to Kate's surprise. Impressed with Kate's skill with a bow, and the fact she reminds him of himself at her age, Clint blesses Kate to continue using the Hawkeye codename.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-66" style="line-height:1em;">[67]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Clint (as Ronin) was part of the New Avengers team that head to the Savage Land after a tip from Spider-Woman that a Skrull ship had crash landed there. Emerging from the crashed ship was a selection of heroes claiming to have been abducted, one of which was Mockingbird. Clint believes that she is the real Mockingbird until Mister Fantastic's invention proves that the heroes from the Skrull ship were all imposters. Later, after the war for Earth was won, Clint is reunited with the real Mockingbird, who was revealed to have been held captive by the Skrulls for years.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-67" style="line-height:1em;">[68]

[edit] Dark Reign and Siege
Clint Barton as Ronin on a variant cover of Dark Reign: The List - Avengers #1 (September 2009). Art by Marko Djurdjević.<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Clint attempts to help Mockingbird as she tries to adapt to life back on Earth. He accompanies her to Zaragoza, Spain, to battle Monica Rappaccini and the hordes of A.I.M. in an effort to deactivate a "dirty bomb" designed by the evil scientific group. Despite their years apart, Clint and Mockingbird battle with comfort and understanding. They manage to defeat A.I.M. and foil their evil plot.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-68" style="line-height:1em;">[69]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">At the conclusion of the Skrull war, S.H.I.E.L.D. is dissolved and Norman Osborn is placed in power of national security.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-69" style="line-height:1em;">[70] Osborn creates his own team of villainous Avengers by stealing the costumed identities of previous Avengers. The supervillain assassin Bullseye joins the team and takes on the mantle of Hawkeye.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-70" style="line-height:1em;">[71] Watching the Avengers news coverage on television with the rest of the New Avengers, Clint is stunned to see the events taking place.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-71" style="line-height:1em;">[72] Clint unmasked himself on network television and publicly denounces Norman Osborn and his regime.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-72" style="line-height:1em;">[73] He is later elected as the leader of the New Avengers and makes toppling Osborn and the Hood from power his number one priority.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-73" style="line-height:1em;">[74] Clint argues that the only way to beat Osborn is to kill him, although the rest of the team disagree. Not backing down from his argument, Clint attempts to storm Avengers Tower single handedly to achieve his goal. He defeats the Dark Avengers, but is captured and arrested when, after failing to kill Norman Osborn, he is attacked from behind by Ares.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-74" style="line-height:1em;">[75] Clint was imprisoned and tortured at the hands of Mentallo. He was later freed by his team mates, and apologized for his actions.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-75" style="line-height:1em;">[76]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Clint aids Captain America, Falcon and Black Widow as they battle the Red Skull and his henchmen to rescue Sharon Carter and the time-displaced Steve Rogers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-76" style="line-height:1em;">[77] Captain America later leads the New Avengers (including Clint) against Norman Osborn's forces as they attempted to lay siege to Asgard.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-77" style="line-height:1em;">[78]

[edit] Heroic Age
<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">After the events of Siege, Steve Rogers puts together a new team of Avengers. Clint joins the team and returns to his Hawkeye identity<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-78" style="line-height:1em;">[79] (although he encourages Kate Bishop to keep the Hawkeye identity as well).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-79" style="line-height:1em;">[80] He and Mockingbird are also members of the New Avengers,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-80" style="line-height:1em;">[81] although Hawkeye later leaves the New Avengers when he receives an Avengers priority call from the main team, claiming that he was only there to spend time with his wife.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-81" style="line-height:1em;">[82]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye aids Mockingbird and her anti-terrorist organization, the World Counter-terrorism Agency. Together, they thwart Crossfire's illegal arms operation, and encounter Lincoln Slade's descendant, Jaime Slade, who later goes onto become the new Phantom Rider.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-82" style="line-height:1em;">[83] Crossfire and the new Phantom Rider team-up to battle the heroes. This feud has its casualties with Mockingbird's mother being severely wounded<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-83" style="line-height:1em;">[84] and the death of Hamilton Slade,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-84" style="line-height:1em;">[85] both at the hands of Crossfire. Hawkeye leaves the W.C.A. after it becomes clear that his relationship with Mockingbird has become too strained. However, he quickly rejoins after being informed by Steve Rogers that a kill list of international spies includes Mockingbird.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-85" style="line-height:1em;">[86]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye and Mockingbird team-up with the Black Widow to take on the mysterious new Ronin and the Dark Ocean Society.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-86" style="line-height:1em;">[87] The new Ronin is later revealed to be Alexei Shostakov, the former Red Guardian and ex-husband of the Black Widow.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-87" style="line-height:1em;">[88] During the final battle with the new Ronin, Hawkeye receives a strong blow to the head. When the battle is won, he assures Mockingbird and Black Widow that he suffered no ill effects from the blow.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-88" style="line-height:1em;">[89] The blow to the head that Hawkeye received proves to be more serious than first thought. While battling the Lethal Legion with the Avengers, Hawkeye's aim is shown to be faltering. After the battle, Tony Stark, Donald Blake and Steve Rogers examine Hawkeye to discover what is causing it. Their diagnosis is that Hawkeye is steadily losing his sight and will soon go blind. Iron Man provides Hawkeye technology that should stall the blindness. Later, Trick Shot arrives at Avengers Tower on the brink of death. Trick Shot tells Hawkeye that he was forced to train another archer, one who was as good as Hawkeye, before dying in his arms.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Hawkeye:_Blindspot_.231_4-1" style="line-height:1em;">[5] Hawkeye was later ambushed by his brother Barney (who was revealed to have been the one trained by Trick Shot) who now goes by the name Trickshot.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-89" style="line-height:1em;">[90] Barney manages to subdue Hawkeye and bring him Baron Zemo.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-90" style="line-height:1em;">[91] Baron Zemo had the brothers duel to the death. Hawkeye (despite going blind from a previous injury with the third Ronin) managed to best Trickshot in battle. Before teleporting away, Baron Zemo transferred Trickshot's criminal funds over to the "victor" Hawkeye, then taunted the hero for turning his brother against him. In custody, Trickshot agreed to a bone marrow transplant to save his brother's sight, but only so he could battle Hawkeye again in the future.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-91" style="line-height:1em;">[92]

[edit] Shattered Heroes
Hawkeye displaying his redesigned costume on the cover of Hawkeye (2012) #2. Art byDavid Aja.<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Following the events of Fear Itself, the Avengers Academy is reopened in Palos Verdes at the former West Coast Avengers headquarters, where Barton accepts an offer to become a teacher.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-92" style="line-height:1em;">[93] The character receives a new costume in Avengers vol. 4, #19 (November 2011).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-93" style="line-height:1em;">[94] Cullen Bunn, writer of Captain America & Hawkeye, stated the costume was influenced slightly by The Avengers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-94" style="line-height:1em;">[95] In 2012, Hawkeye becomes the leader of the Secret Avengers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-95" style="line-height:1em;">[96]

[edit] Powers and abilities
<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">While Hawkeye has no superhuman powers (with the exception of the period when using Pym particles to become Goliath), he is at the very peak of human conditioning; he is an exceptional fencer, acrobat and a grandmaster marksman, having been trained from childhood in the circus and by the criminals Trick Shot and Swordsman. This includes considerable strength, as a supervillain found out when he tried to use the superhero's 250 pounds-force (1,100 newtons) draw weight bow and found that he could not draw back the string to launch an arrow.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-96" style="line-height:1em;">[97] Hawkeye has also been thoroughly trained by Captain America in tactics, martial arts, and hand-to-hand combat. Hawkeye excels in the use of ranged weapons, especially the bow and arrow, and carries a quiver containing a number of customized "trick arrows". In his role as Ronin, Barton shows great proficiency with the katana and other melee weapons.

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye is also known to use a "Sky-Cycle" as his mode of transportation. The Sky-Cycle is modelled after a commercial snowmobile and is fitted with anti-gravitational technology. It is voice operated and has an auto-pilot steering system. The original Sky-Cycle was custom made for Hawkeye by Jorge Latham while he was employed by Cross Technological Enterprises.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Hawkeye_Vol.1_.231_1-1" style="line-height:1em;">[2] Latham was later employed by the West Coast Avengers and built several more.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-97" style="line-height:1em;">[98]

[edit] Collected editions
<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye's solo appearances have been collected in a number of trade paperbacks: <p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Note: The trade paperback graphic novel Dark Reign: Hawkeye (May 2010) is related to Bullseye and not to Clint Barton.

[edit] Other versions
Main article: Alternative versions of Hawkeye== [edit] In other media==

[edit] Television
Hawkeye (right) as he appears in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes.*Hawkeye appears in the animated television series The Marvel Super Heroes (1966), voiced by Chris Wiggins and Paul Soles.
 * Hawkeye appears as a regular character in Iron Man, voiced by John Reilly.
 * Hawkeye has a brief cameo as Goliath in the Fantastic Four episode "To Battle the Living Planet".
 * Hawkeye appears in The Avengers: United They Stand, voiced by Tony Daniels.
 * Hawkeye is featured in The Super Hero Squad Show, voiced by Adrian Pasdar.
 * Hawkeye appears in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes, voiced by Chris Cox.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-98" style="line-height:1em;">[99]
 * Hawkeye appears in the Iron Man: Armored Adventures episodes "The Hawk and the Spider" and "Iron Man 2099", voiced by Andrew Francis.
 * Hawkeye will appear in Avengers Assemble.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="line-height:1em;white-space:nowrap;">[citation needed]

[edit] Film
Jeremy Renner as Hawkeye inThe Avengers.*Mockingbird and Hawkeye's son Francis appears in the animated feature film Next Avengers: Heroes of Tomorrow.
 * In the live-action film Thor, Hawkeye, addressed simply as "Barton", is portrayed by Jeremy Renner in a cameo role.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-rennerthorcameo_99-0" style="line-height:1em;">[100]
 * Jeremy Renner again portrayed Hawkeye in the live-action film The Avengers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-100" style="line-height:1em;">[101] Prior to the film's release, Renner stated that the character would not be wearing his purple costume from the comics, but rather something he refers to as being "a little more reality-based".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-101" style="line-height:1em;">[102]

[edit] Video games

 * Hawkeye is a playable character in the video game Spider-Man: The Video Game.
 * Hawkeye is a playable character in Captain America and the Avengers.
 * Hawkeye appears as a support character in Venom/Spider-Man: Separation Anxiety.
 * Hawkeye appears as a playable character in the PSP version of Marvel: Ultimate Alliance<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-IGN_PSP_review_102-0" style="line-height:1em;">[103] voiced by Nolan North. He also appears in the Xbox 360 downloadable "Heroes and Villains" version.
 * Hawkeye is a playable character in the crossover fighting game Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-103" style="line-height:1em;">[104] with Chris Cox reprising his role from The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes.
 * Hawkeye is a playable character in Marvel Super Hero Squad Online.
 * Hawkeye is a playable character in the Facebook game Marvel: Avengers Alliance.
 * Hawkeye will be a playable character in the upcoming MMORPG Marvel Heroes.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-MarvelHeroesMMORPG_104-0" style="line-height:1em;">[105]

[edit] Toys

 * Hawkeye is the 50th figurine in The Classic Marvel Figurine Collection.
 * A figure of Hawkeye was released in wave 7 of Toy Biz's 6" Marvel Legends line.
 * Hawkeye first appeared in wave 1 of the Marvel Super Hero Squad line, packaged with Captain America. The same figure has since been re-released in the Super Hero Secret Wars 4-pack, packaged with Captain America, Spider-Man and Wrecker.
 * A figure of Hawkeye was released in wave 20 of the Marvel Minimates line. Another figure, based on the Old Man Logan comic, was released in the fifth TRU wave.
 * Hawkeye was released in a two-pack with Piledriver in the third wave of Secret Wars figures from Hasbro's 3.75" Marvel Universe line.
 * Hawkeye is part of The Avengers movie toy line. Due to trademark restrictions on the name "Hawkeye", toys of him and his accessories are marketed by Hasbro as "Marvel's Hawkeye"<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-105" style="line-height:1em;">[106] or "Avengers' Hawkeye".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-106" style="line-height:1em;">[107] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-107" style="line-height:1em;">[108]

[edit] Reception
<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Hawkeye was ranked as the 45th Greatest Comic Book Character of All Time by Wizard magazine.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-108" style="line-height:1em;">[109] IGN also ranked Hawkeye as the 44th Greatest Comic Book Hero of All Time opining that only it takes a special kind of hero to parade around in blue and purple and battle deadly villains with nothing more than a satchel of arrows and only Hawkeye can successfully pull it off.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-109" style="line-height:1em;">[110]

[edit] Deaf culture
<p style="line-height:19px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">In 2012, the mother of 4 year old Anthony Smith contacted Marvel because her son wouldn't wear his hearing aid, as super heroes don't have to. Marvel responded with a custom comic book for Anthony and also pointed out that Hawkeye is deaf and uses hearing aids.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-110" style="line-height:1em;">[111]

[edit] References

 * 1) ^ Secret Avengers #21.1
 * 2) ^ <sup style="line-height:1em;">a <sup style="line-height:1em;">b Hawkeye Vol.1 #1
 * 3) ^ Solo Avengers #2
 * 4) ^ Avengers Vol. 1 #19
 * 5) ^ <sup style="line-height:1em;">a <sup style="line-height:1em;">b Hawkeye: Blindspot #1
 * 6) ^ Hawkeye Vol.3 #7-8
 * 7) ^ Tales of Suspense #57 (1964), #60 + 64 (Dec. 1964 and Apr. 1965)
 * 8) ^ Hawkeye: Blindspot #2 (2011)
 * 9) ^ Avengers #16 (May 1965)
 * 10) ^ Avengers #55
 * 11) ^ Avengers Vol. 1 #19 (Aug. 1965)
 * 12) ^ Avengers #63 (Apr. 1969)
 * 13) ^ Avengers #64–65 (May–April 1969)
 * 14) ^ Hawkeye Vol.3 #6
 * 15) ^ Avengers #109 (Mar. 1973)
 * 16) ^ Daredevil #99 (May 1973)
 * 17) ^ Hulk #166 (Aug. 1973)
 * 18) ^ Steve Englehart (w), Sal Buscema (p), Defenders #7–10 (Aug.–Nov. 1973), New York, NY: Marvel Comics
 * 19) ^ Giant-Size Avengers #4 (Jun. 1975)
 * 20) ^ Jim Shooter (w), Don Perlin (p), Ghost Rider #27 (December 10, 1977), New York, NY:Marvel Comics
 * 21) ^ Avengers #172 (Jun. 1978)
 * 22) ^ Avengers #174 (Aug. 1978)
 * 23) ^ Avengers #175–177 (Sept.–Nov. 1978)
 * 24) ^ Avengers #189 (Nov. 1979)
 * 25) ^ Marvel Team-Up #92
 * 26) ^ Marvel Fanfare #3
 * 27) ^ Avengers #211 (Sep. 1981)
 * 28) ^ Avengers #222 (Jul. 1982)
 * 29) ^ Avengers Vol.1 #223
 * 30) ^ Avengers #229 (Mar. 1983)
 * 31) ^ Hawkeye Vol.1 #1–4
 * 32) ^ West Coast Avengers Vol. 1 #1–4
 * 33) ^ Avengers West Coast Vol.2 #100
 * 34) ^ West Coast Avengers Vol.2 #17-23
 * 35) ^ West Coast Avengers Vol.2 #37
 * 36) ^ Solo Avengers #3-5
 * 37) ^ Avengers Spotlight #22-25
 * 38) ^ Avengers Spotlight #25
 * 39) ^ Avengers Spotlight #30-35 (May–Oct. 1990)
 * 40) ^ Avengers West Coast Vol.2 #100 (1993)
 * 41) ^ Avengers West Coast #102 (Jan. 1994)
 * 42) ^ Hawkeye #1–4 (Jan.–Apr. 1994)
 * 43) ^ Avengers #397 (Apr. 1996)
 * 44) ^ Avengers #402 (Sep. 1996)
 * 45) ^ Heroes Reborn: Avengers #1 (Nov. 1996)
 * 46) ^ Heroes Reborn: The Return # 1–4 (Nov. 1997–Feb. 1998)
 * 47) ^ Hawkeye: Earth’s Mightiest Archer #1
 * 48) ^ Avengers #12 (vol. 3, Jan. 1999)
 * 49) ^ Thunderbolts Vol.1 #24
 * 50) ^ Thunderbolts Vol.1 #27-30
 * 51) ^ Thunderbolts Vol.1 #49
 * 52) ^ Thunderbolts #30 (Sep. 1997)
 * 53) ^ Thunderbolts Annual 2000
 * 54) ^ Thunderbolts Vol. 1 #50
 * 55) ^ Thunderbolts #51–75
 * 56) ^ Avengers #489–503 vol. 3, (Oct. 2003–Nov. 2004)
 * 57) ^ Hawkeye Vol.3 #1–6
 * 58) ^ Hawkeye Vol.3 #7-8
 * 59) ^ Avengers Vol.3 #502
 * 60) ^ She-Hulk vol. 2, #2 (Jan. 2006)
 * 61) ^ Christos Gage (w), Mike Perkins (p), House of M: Avengers #2–5 (Nov. 2007–Feb. 2008), New York, NY: Marvel Comics
 * 62) ^ Brian Michael Bendis (w), Oliver Coipel (p), House of M #1–8 (Jun. 2005–Jan. 2006),New York, NY: Marvel Comics
 * 63) ^ New Avengers #26 (Jan. 2007)
 * 64) ^ Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America #3 (July 2007)
 * 65) ^ New Avengers #26-30 (2007)
 * 66) ^ New Avengers #33 (Aug. 2007)
 * 67) ^ Young Avengers Presents #6
 * 68) ^ Brian Bendis (w), Leinil Francis Yu (p), Mark Morales (i), Secret Invasion #1–8 (June–Jan. 2008), New York, NY: Marvel Comics
 * 69) ^ Jim McCann (w), Jo Chen (p), David Lopez (p), New Avengers: The Reunion #1–4 (March–June 2009), New York, NY: Marvel Comics
 * 70) ^ Secret Invasion #8
 * 71) ^ Dark Avengers #1
 * 72) ^ New Avengers Vol.1 #50
 * 73) ^ New Avengers #50 (Apr. 2009)
 * 74) ^ New Avengers #51 (May 2009)
 * 75) ^ Dark Reign: The List - Avengers (Nov. 2009)
 * 76) ^ New Avengers Annual #3 (2010)
 * 77) ^ Captain America: Reborn #3-6
 * 78) ^ New Avengers vol. 1 #62-64 (Apr.-Jun. 2010)
 * 79) ^ Avengers vol. 4 #1 (2010)
 * 80) ^ I Am an Avenger # 1
 * 81) ^ New Avengers vol. 2 #1
 * 82) ^ New Avengers vol. 2 #5.
 * 83) ^ Hawkeye & Mockingbird #1
 * 84) ^ Hawkeye & Mockingbird #2
 * 85) ^ Hawkeye & Mockingbird #5
 * 86) ^ Hawkeye & Mockingbird #6
 * 87) ^ Widowmaker #1.
 * 88) ^ Widowmaker #3.
 * 89) ^ Widowmaker #4.
 * 90) ^ Hawkeye: Blindspot #2
 * 91) ^ Hawkeye: Blindspot #3
 * 92) ^ Hawkeye: Blindspot #4.
 * 93) ^ Avengers Academy #21 (November 2011)
 * 94) ^ Wilding, Josh (2011-08-15). "Post "Fear Itself" Avengers Line-Up Revlealed; Hawkeye Gets A New Movie Inspired Costume!". ComicBookMovie.com. Retrieved 2012-01-17.
 * 95) ^ Sunu, Steve (2012-01-11). "Cullen Bunn on "Captain America & Hawkeye"". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2012-01-17.
 * 96) ^ Secret Avengers #22 (February 2012)
 * 97) ^ Gruenwald, Mark; Layton, Bob (1983). Till Death Do Us Part. Hawkeye. 1.
 * 98) ^ Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Deluxe Edition #1
 * 99) ^ Bush, Jenna (February 8, 2010). "AVENGERS Animated Assembling w/ Phil Lamarr". Newsarama. Retrieved September 7, 2010.
 * 100) ^ "Cinema Con: We've Seen Hawkeye In Thor And It's More Than A Walk On".CinemaBlend. 2011-03-28. Retrieved 2011-03-28.
 * 101) ^ Lussier, Germain (July 24, 2010). "SDCC 2010: Marvel Studios Officially Announces Mark Ruffalo and Jeremy Renner for THE AVENGERS; Surprises With Full Cast at Comic-Con!". Collider. Retrieved August 6, 2010.
 * 102) ^ http://www.comicbookmovie.com/fansites/rorschachsrants/news/?a=22659
 * 103) ^ Goldstein, Hillary (November 11, 2009). "Marvel: Ultimate Alliance Review (PSP)". IGN. Retrieved September 7, 2010.
 * 104) ^ GameSpot - Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3 roster leaked
 * 105) ^ "Hawkeye joins Marvel Heroes". Marvel Heroes. 2012-05-31. Retrieved 2012-07-19.
 * 106) ^ Hasbro.com - Marvel The Avengers Comic Series: Marvel's Hawkeye Figure
 * 107) ^ Hasbro.com - Marvel The Avengers Nerf Hawkeye Bow
 * 108) ^ Gizmodo.com - Lego Avengers Assemble
 * 109) ^ "Wizard's top 200 characters. External link consists of a forum site summing up the top 200 characters of Wizard Magazine since the real site that contains the list is broken.". Wizard magazine.. Retrieved May 19, 2011.
 * 110) ^ "Hawkeye is number 44". IGN. Retrieved May 19, 2011.
 * 111) ^ http://www.myfoxboston.com/story/18597572/2012/05/22/marvel-comics-creates-superhero-in-honor-of-nh-boy

[edit] External links

 * Hawkeye (Clint Barton) at the Marvel Universe wiki
 * Clinton Barton (Earth-616) at the Marvel Database Project
 * Hawkeye (comic book character) at Comic Vine
 * Hawkeye (Character) at the Internet Movie Database
 * Hawkeye (Clint Barton) at the Comic Book DB
 * Hawkeye vol. 1 (1983) at the Comic Book DB
 * Hawkeye vol. 2 (1994) at the Comic Book DB
 * Hawkeye vol. 3 (2003) at the Comic Book DB